Career
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Short-story writer, novelist, journalist, poet, essayist, and critic. Worked variously as printer's apprentice for the antislavery newspaper Northern Indianan, c. 1857- 59; night watchman and memorandum clerk for the U.S. Sub-Treasury in San Francisco, CA, beginning 1867; writer, columnist, and managing editor for San Francisco News Letter and California Advertiser, c. 1867-72; assay branch worker for the U.S. Mint, c. 1876; manager-overseer of mine in Black Hills of South Dakota for several months in 1881; Washington, DC, correspondent for New York American, 1898-1909.